Centennial Sauvage: The Survival of Tristes tropiques
“You need not do what I am doing,” my companion said to me as he prostrated himself on the ground four times before the altar, and I followed his advice. However, I did so less through self-consciousness than discretion: he knew that I did not share his beliefs, and I would have been afraid of debasing the ritual gestures by letting him think I considered them as mere conventions: but, for once, I would have felt no embarrassment in performing them. Between this form of religion and myself, there was no likelihood of misunderstanding. It was not a question of bowing down in front of idols or adoring a supposed supernatural order, but only of paying homage to the decisive wisdom that a thinker, or the society which created his legend, had evolved twenty-five centuries before and to which my civilization could contribute only by confirming it.[28]
We can use one of Lévi-Strauss’ own tropes to appreciate this ahistorical moment, since the twenty-first-century reader can see both the past and the future in this event. The social scientist that will spend the rest of his life formulating the structural relationships of human thought and live to see his hundredth birthday finds authenticity in acknowledging the wisdom of an ancient sage in this modest Buddhist house of worship.
What else, indeed, have I learned from the masters who taught me, the philosophers I have read, the societies I have visited and even from that science which is the pride of the West, apart from a few scraps of wisdom which, when laid end to end, coincide with the meditation of the Sage at the foot of the tree? Every effort to understand destroys the object studied in favor of another object, of a different nature; this second object requires from us a new effort which destroys it in favor of a third, and so on and so forth until we reach the one lasting presence, the point at which the distinction between meaning and the absence of meaning disappears: the same point from which we began. It is 2,500 years since men first discovered and formulated these truths. In the interval, we have found nothing new, except — as we have tried in turn all possible ways out of the dilemma — so many additional proofs of the conclusion that we would have liked to avoid.[28]
This is the message the author brings back from his travels. He has gone searching for the New World and found ahistorical relativism.
As he moves about within his mental and historical framework, man takes along with him all the positions he has already occupied, and all those he will occupy. He is everywhere at one and the same time; he is a crowd surging forward abreast, and constantly recapitulating the whole series of previous stages. For we live in several worlds, each truer than the one it encloses, and itself false in relation to the one which encompasses it. Some are known to us through action; some are lived through in thought; but the seeming contradiction resulting from their coexistence is solved in the obligation we feel to grant a meaning to the nearest and to deny any to those furthest away; whereas the truth lies in a progressive dilating of the meaning, but in reverse order, up to the point at which it explodes.[29]
Writing of this conclusion in Claude Levi-Strauss: An Introduction a decade after the book appeared, Octavio Paz describes how the writer’s thought “achieved in those few pages a density and transparency which might make us think of the forms rock crystal takes if it were not for the fact that it is animated by a pulsation which does not recall so much mineral immobility as the vibration of light waves.”[30] When I read it as a student, I thought he had converted to Buddhism and would write his next book from a monastery. As I read it today, he sounds less like a Buddhist and more like the analytical double of Walt Whitman trading his naïve optimism for a love of the Void.
REFERENCES
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